Evaluating the criminal justice system, including comparative materials. The role of discretion within the system. Contemporary issues in criminal justice: including race and gender issues; questions of fairness and justice.

Key players: Police; Prosecutors; Defence lawyers; Magistrates; Juries; Judges; Prison and probation.

Key processes explored by looking at theory, law and practice. For example, youth justice, including restorative justice; Police powers; Diversion: the growth in non-court sanctions; The trial process; Criminal penalties; Managing sentences: prisons, probation and privatisation; Parole, early release and recalls to prison.