Self-Inflicted Deaths in Custody amongst 18-24 year olds: Staff Experience, Knowledge and Views
To inform Lord Harris's Review into Self-inflicted Deaths (SID) amongst 18-24 year olds held in National Offender Management Service custody, researchers from the Faculty of Law and the Prisons Research Centre at the University of Cambridge, in partnership with RAND Europe, were commissioned to study staff experience, knowledge and views relating to the identification, management and prevention of self-inflicted deaths (SID) in prison.
Goals
The research team was asked to examine staff understandings and experiences of self-inflicted death among young prisoners, with a view to understanding how more deaths could be prevented. The research team conducted formal interviews, focus groups, and intensive participant observation across five prisons, including both private and public establishments, across England and Wales.
Findings
This research was used to support Lord Harris’s final report, and is also available as a stand-alone document. The key findings of this research include:
The ways in which prison staff understood risk of SID was related to whether or not they believed they could prevent deaths in custody. Staff who saw risk of suicide and self-harm as related to the prison environment rather than just individual prisoner characteristics expressed more empowered views on their ability to prevent deaths.
Prison staff universally identified staff-prisoner relationships as the key to identifying and managing risk. There was strong agreement that staff capacity to form and sustain high-quality staff–prisoner relationships supported SID prevention. Staff also reported that the ability to identify prisoners at risk and taking the time to develop trust with them had been adversely affected by budgetary pressures and the increasing trend toward paper-based methods of management.
There was strong consensus among interviewees about the importance of work experience to their ability to identify and manage SID risks but staff welcomed more and improved training. Although many prison staff cited experience-based knowledge and expertise ('jailcraft') as more important than training for identifying and managing SID risks, some staff, particularly those with specialist roles, emphasised the (potential) importance of training in equipping them with the necessary skills to prevent deaths in custody.
Related event
A roundtable event is planned for 8 September 2015 at the University of Cambridge, during which the research team will present findings on this study and other related research.
Project team
The research was led by Amy Ludlow, alongside Bethany Schmidt, Thomas Akoensi and Alison Liebling of the University of Cambridge, in partnership with Chris Giacomantonio and Alex Sutherland of RAND Europe.
Further information
The full report can be downloaded from the official website of the Independent Advisory Panel (IAP) on Deaths in Custody.
Any enquiries should be directed to Fred Lewsey at the University of Cambridge Communications Office on 01223 332300 or Fred.Lewsey@admin.cam.ac.uk.